01 - Preheat oven to 400°F. Grease a 9x13-inch baking dish with butter or cooking spray.
02 - Bring a large pot of salted water to boil. Add cauliflower florets and cook 5 minutes until just tender. Drain thoroughly and set aside.
03 - In a medium saucepan over medium heat, melt butter. Add diced onion and cook 3 minutes until softened and translucent.
04 - Stir flour into the onions and cook 1 minute, stirring constantly. Gradually whisk in milk until smooth. Continue whisking 2-3 minutes until sauce thickens and bubbles.
05 - Remove saucepan from heat. Stir in 1 1/2 cups cheddar cheese, sour cream, Dijon mustard, garlic powder, salt, and pepper until cheese melts completely and sauce becomes velvety smooth.
06 - Add drained cauliflower to the cheese sauce, folding gently to coat all florets evenly. Transfer mixture to prepared baking dish and spread in an even layer.
07 - Sprinkle remaining 1/2 cup cheddar cheese evenly over the cauliflower mixture.
08 - In small bowl, combine panko breadcrumbs, Parmesan cheese, and olive oil. Mix until crumbs are evenly coated with oil.
09 - Sprinkle crumb mixture evenly over casserole. Bake 25-30 minutes until topping turns golden brown and edges bubble vigorously.
10 - Let casserole rest 5 minutes before serving to allow sauce to set slightly for easier scooping.